Neuropsychological Consultation in Infectious Diseases: Pathogenesis and Neuropsychological Sequelae in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is an acute or subacute sporadic encephalitic illness. It has a predilection for the medial temporal lobes, the orbital surface of the frontal lobes, and subcortical structures such as the hippocampus. Sequelae may include seizures and neuropsychological impairment. The present case study involves a 66-year old, retired, Caucasian male diagnosed with herpes simplex encephalitis. Evaluation methods consisted of electrophysiological, laboratory, and radiological testing. Comparison of neuropsychological test results yielded high agreement in terms of site of lesion as documented by MRI and EEG findings. Neuropsychological test findings are described in detail. This case study serves to underscore the clinical utility of neuropsychological testing in infectious disease consultations, specifically in herpes simplex encephalitis.